Greenhouse gases (GHGs) are the gases listed in Part 2 of Annex V of Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 of the European Parliament and of the Council. These include Carbon dioxide (CO2), Methane (CH4), Nitrous Oxide (N2O), Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6), Nitrogen trifluoride (NF3), Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), and Perfluorocarbons (PFCs).
These gases trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere, contributing to global warming and climate change. CO2 is the most prevalent GHG from human activities, primarily from fossil fuel combustion, but methane and nitrous oxide are significantly more potent per molecule. Under the ESRS E1 standard, companies must report their GHG emissions across all three scopes (Scope 1, 2, and 3) using CO2 equivalent as the standard unit, applying global warming potential factors to convert each gas into a comparable measure.
Understanding your GHG emissions profile is the first step toward setting science-based reduction targets. Explore how to measure your Scope 1, 2, and 3 emissions and read our guide on ESRS reporting standards for climate-related disclosure requirements.
See how Coolset helps companies with GHG emissions measurement and reporting →
